– FIRST Tech Challenge DECODE Season Guide

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Registered Teams List …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 15
Event Layout/Map …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 16
Match Schedule ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 17
Pit Map …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 17
Useful Links and Information ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 19
On-Call Support Numbers ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 19
Pre-Event Support ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 19
Program Resources …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 19
Feedback ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 19
Overview
Job Description
Referees are Field Staff with two main roles related to match gameplay. Referees observe matches to
call rule violations and track the status of the match score. Four Referees will be assigned to each field
in addition to a Head Referee. Two Referees are responsible for tracking and calling rule violations as
they occur during the match, while the other two Referees track the scoring achievements of the
alliances. After completion of the match, the referees will work together under the guidance of the
Head Referee to finalize the score and account for any violations assessed during the match.
Violations
Referees observe matches, identify rule violations, and "call" them. Referees help the competitors avoid
breaking the rules of the game. Referees participate in deliberations regarding contested calls, working
directly through the Head Referee.
Scoring
Scoring Referees monitor the status of the game, robots, and scoring elements during gameplay. There
will be one Referee assigned to stand on the blue alliance side of the field, and the other to the red
alliance side of the field. Most events will use live scoring, and the Referee will use an app installed on
either a phone or tablet to track the status of scoring achievements on the field. Occasionally in
extenuating circumstances, some events may track the status of the field on paper, using scoresheets.
Requirements
Technical
Medium
Physical
High
Administrative
High
Communication
High
Pre-event Training
High
Time Commitment
Referees should expect to spend 10-12 hours at a full day event or 5-6 hours at a league meet.
Approximately 4-6 hours of pre-event training and planning is required for Referees.
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Attire
• Comfortable closed-toe, closed-heel shoes – much of the day will involve standing and walking.
• ANSI Z87.1 or regional equivalent certified safety glasses or side shields with prescription
glasses are required in team pits and competition areas.
• Generally, attire that allows a volunteer to comfortably and appropriately squat, kneel, and stand
without entanglement hazards is advised.
o Wear neat, dark – preferably black – pants or shorts.
o Wear a shirt underneath the Referee shirt. It is recommended to be black or white with
no visible logos.
o Attire and accessories may not display a team affiliation (e.g., team shirt, school hat, the
same distinct safety glasses as a particular team) or objectionable logo.
o Fun and appropriate Referee, game, or robot-themed attire may be worn.
• Some events will provide a black and white Referee shirt to help distinguish Referees from other
Field Staff. Referees may bring and wear their own identical Referee shirt, if they have one.
Training and Certification
Read and complete all tasks listed in the Pre-Event Trainingsection.
Any volunteer who applies to a role will be able to get into the Learning Management System (LMS)
using the 'FIRSTTraining' button. Roles with the training required will appear in the 'roles missing
certification' area. For more help, you can read moreabout how to access your training.
If you have applied for a role but have not received access to the training, please email
training@firstinspires.org. A separate confirmation of the role assignment will come later.
The Head Referee or Event Director may inform the Referees of additional requirements, such as
meetings before the event, practice matches, or a run-through of the event space before the event is
encouraged or required.
All volunteers are expected to read and comply with the Volunteer Handbook.

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Roles and Responsibilities
FIRST is fun for all. The most important role for a volunteer is to provide
a safe, fun and welcoming environment for all FIRST^® participants. When
executing the duties of your role, always make decisions with the team
experience in mind. Ask for help from event leadership if you feel your
required duties conflict with the best team experience.

Core Responsibilities
Referees are responsible for observing gameplay during matches, issuing warnings and penalties for
rule violations, and tracking scores. While Referees at FIRST^® events help the competitors to avoid
breaking the rules of the game, they also must apply consistent rulings and escalations in line with the
Competition Manual. Clear explanations of rule violations should be provided to teams when giving the
appropriate penalty for the rule violation in order to provide them with the opportunity to avoid future
violations.
Core Skills
Experience and skills needed:
• Thorough knowledge of the competition, game, and rules of play.
• Strong assessment skills.
• Strong communication and diplomacy skills.
• Ability to collaborate with others, work as a member of a team.
• Attention to detail.
• Ability to move about the field.
• Ability to stand for long periods of time.
Prerequisites
• Prior FIRST^® experience is required
• Must be 18 years of age or older, and post high school or equivalent
Reporting Structure
Referees report to the Head Referee.

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Before the Event
Pre-Event Training
Referees must complete the required reading in this section and are required to pass a certification test
prior to serving in this role. Referees must be confident and comfortable with the game rules to be able
to reliably make calls during the fast pace of a FIRST^® Tech Challenge event. Learning ahead of time will
go a long way towards keeping the event running smoothly and on time.
Resources for training and certification:
Referee Pre-event Training List
Requirement
Resource
Required
Complete Welcome to FIRST^®.
Required
Watch the game animation videofor an overview of the game.
Required
Review the Referee Volunteer Manual. (this document)
Review the Competition Manual – specifically:
Required
• Section 9: ARENA
• Section 10: Game Details
• Section 11: Game Rules (G)
Review Team Updates – Combined
• Team Updates are posted on a weekly basis. These releases
occur on Thursdays around noon (US Eastern Time).
Required

Referees are required to read the team updates throughout the
season and are encouraged to sign up for the Team Update
notification emailsto help stay up to date.
Required
Review Referee Live Score Tracking Tablet Guide.
Required
Review theReferee Training Materials.
Complete theReferee CertificationTest in the FIRST^® Learning
Required
System.
(For volunteers outside of North America without a FIRST^® Dashboard
Account use the PDF to self-certify.)

Additional Information & Resources
Referee Additional Resources
Resource
Description
Field Reset Guide
A quick guide on how to reset the field.
FTC Team Q&A SystemThis is a resource for teams; however, Referees may also find these
useful to understand the questions teams ask.
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Referee Additional Resources
Referee/Head Referee
Monthly optional volunteer calls to provide support for Referees and
Volunteer Calls
Head Referees.
FTC Volunteer MaterialsGeneral resources for all FTC volunteers.
FIRST^® General Volunteer
Materials
General resources for all FIRST^® volunteers.
Event Day
Report Time
TheEvent Directoror Volunteer Coordinatorwill confirm the time Referees should arrive typically via
email the week before the event. In most cases, Referees should arrive at least one hour prior to any
scheduled matches.
Upon onsite arrival, check-in with the Volunteer Coordinator and report to the Head Referee.
Referee Meeting
The Head Referee will hold a meeting the morning of the event with the Referees to talk about the flow
of the day. This is a good opportunity for the Referee to know which field they will be working on (if
there are multiple fields) and which Referees they are working with. The Head Referee should work with
the Referees to come up with a communication plan to make sure penalties and scores are recorded
correctly. It is important that Referees communicate well during the matches to ensure the matches run
smoothly and on time. This is also an opportune time for Referees to report their conflicts of interest
and gain clarification on rules.
Drivers’ Meeting
Prior to qualification matches, most events will hold a drivers’ meeting. This is an opportunity for the
Head Referee to address the teams prior to the start of qualification matches. A number of topics can
be discussed in the drivers’ meeting, including safety reminders, or even rule infractions that the
Referees have seen at past events, with the intention of helping teams avoid making the same
mistakes at this event.
Referees are encouraged to listen to the drivers’ meeting to learn the guidance that is provided by the
Head Referee.
Practice Matches
If an event schedule includes practice matches, it is encouraged for some Referees to be present to
provide teams with an experience to approximate qualification and playoff matches. This is a good
opportunity for Referees to practice their in-match responsibilities, including helping with pre-match
setup, scoring live on tablets, calling rule violations, completing Refereed discussions, and providing
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feedback to teams. Referees are not required for practice matches, but there is value for both teams
and volunteers for some Referees to be present.
Qualification & Playoff Matches
Referees should plan to be present for all qualification and playoff matches that have been scheduled,
subject to their scheduled volunteer times. Referees are crucial to the event executing the match
schedule on time through their in-match duties. Referees should expect to rotate roles throughout the
day.
In-Match
There should be four Referees at the field during each match, in addition to the Head Referee. Referees
should split assignments between scoring and tracking rule violations. Referees should assist in
ensuring teams and robots start each match in a legal configuration.
Pre-Match Setup
While the FTA owns the field during pre-match setup, Referees should ensure the correct teams are
present and that teams have brought only allowed items to the field, and that robots are set up legally.
Scoring Referees must confirm teams on the tablet prior to starting the match.
Referees should work with the Head Referee and FTA to ensure matches are ready to start on time. In
the situation of a potential delay of match, the Head Referee should be involved.
Scoring
Referees will typically use a smartphone or tablet to track the status of the match using FTCLive, the
local scoring system. Scoring Referees input the current scoring achievements and fouls earned
through the tablet, which the scoring system uses to compute and display the live scores to the
audience and teams on the field and audience displays. This provides an exciting atmosphere for the
competition and facilitates a timely match schedule since the scores need only be reviewed after the
match.
Tablets are typically set up by the Scorekeeper for the Referees to use. Detailed guides for FTCLive can
be found at onFTC Scoringand the scoring tablet guide can be foundat this link.
In rare circumstances, paper scoresheets can be used for events that experience technical issues.
Please contact FTC Live support if you think paper scoresheets are required for your event.
Violations
Referees are expected to call rule violations during the match and ensure the appropriate violations are
recorded and issued for the match. Referees calling violations should visually and verbally
communicate rule violations made during the match to teams and a scoring Referee to record them as
they happen, whenever possible. Referees should avoid taking their eyes off the field or drive teams
and therefore should avoid recording violations. Referees are not expected to record or track fouls
beyond the current match.
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Post-Match
After a match has ended, Referees may briefly confer to resolve any questions about scoring
achievements or rule violations and ensure that all items are input into the scoring system. Any Referee
conferences should take place away from teams.
Before the Head Referee releases teams, it is recommended that Referees issue verbal warnings to
teams after consultation with the Head Referee, Referees briefly inform teams of the number of fouls
and their reason, and the Head Referee issues any cards to teams. These should all be brief and
informative. Discussions of why violations occurred, how they could be prevented, and any disputes
should move to the question box.
Team Interaction and Support
When interacting with teams, please always consider the team’s perspective. The teams have put
significant time and effort into preparing for this event and may be feeling very stressed about
everything working out as they have planned. Today is a very big deal for the team and we are here to
help!
In general, Referees should direct questions to the question box to ensure that questions are being
appropriately escalated to the Head Referee. Referees should not offer their feedback or commentary
on any matches from the event during the event. Consider any Referee discussion or calls from the
event as privileged information that should be kept private. Avoid offering opinions on gameplay
strategies, interpretations of rules, or critiques of videos of matches.
While it’s our job to help guide the teams to a successful event, it’s their responsibility to follow the
rules and be on time for judging and matches.
Note: the only person at an event who can give issue a yellow/red card is
the Head Referee. Please refer these more severe issues to the Head
Referee.

Be cautious about passing on any negative feedback about any teams directly to the Judges or Judge
Advisor (JA), because it’s not possible to know all the contributing factors around such a complaint or
observation.
Ethos of a FIRST Referee
Volunteering as a FIRST^® Referee is very different from refereeing a traditional sporting event. FIRST^®
Referees are there to help every team succeed and will actively help the competitors avoid breaking
rules wherever possible. One of the things which makes FIRST^® special is the culture in which volunteers
have the opportunity to serve as mentors to all FIRST^® students.

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A Referee needs to remember that FIRST^® teams, students, and mentors are deeply passionate about
our sport. They will rightly compete very hard as they pursue excellence and success on the field.

Gracious Professionalism^® is a core philosophy ofFIRST^®: "Through Gracious Professionalism, fierce
competition and mutual gain coexist. Participants compete intensely while treating each other with
respect and empathy."

FIRST^® prepares Referees to likewise respond with respect and empathy in the face of this competitive
intensity. To be successful, Referees must take advantage of the resources and training FIRST^® provides
each season. This means we must fully understand not only the Game Rules, but also the guidelines on
how FIRST^® intends them to be called. This will ensure that each competition is enforced as fairly and
consistently as possible.

For all rules, if it isn't clear that the team violated the rule – they didn't. If a Referee is not sure about
what they saw, they did not see a violation. If the Referee is not sure whether what they saw is a
violation, they should consult their Head Referee and the Competition Manual. If the rules and
guidelines leave room for a Referee to make a judgement call – we should always focus on ensuring
fair play and how it will affect the overall team experience. Any time a Referee is truly undecided about
a rule’s interpretation and unsure which way to make a call, making the call against a team is the wrong
decision. That said, often making a call in favor of one team will be at the expense of another. This is
why Referees need to do their best to follow the provided guidelines, even if the prescribed
enforcement of a specific rule supersedes the guidance provided here.

For many FIRST^® students, their competition experience will be defined by a few interactions with a
handful of adult volunteers. This is why it is so important that all FIRST^® volunteers behave in a friendly,
supportive, fair, and team-focused manner at all times. This is another reason why FIRST^® Referees are
so special; they are charged with maintaining the integrity of the competition but doing so by
reinforcing the FIRST^® Core Values and always doing their best to act with Gracious Professionalism^®.

Conflict of Interest
“Conflict of Interest” – a conflict between the private interests and the official responsibilities of a
person in a position of trust. A key volunteer that has a conflict of interest, or even the perception of a
conflict of interest can affect a team’s experience, even if decisions that were made throughout the day
were not biased in any way.
All Referees should report their conflicts of interest to the Event Director/Volunteer Coordinator when
applying for volunteer roles. Referees should additionally report their conflicts of interest to the Head
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Referee. A volunteer who does not disclose their conflict of interest can compromise the integrity of
FIRST^® Tech Challenge events.
Throughout the event, a Referee with a conflict of interest should:
• Avoid being on the same field as their team(s), whenever staffing allows, at the discretion of the
Head Referee.
• Avoid making decisions about their team that may impact the outcome of a match, remove
themselves from any situation that could be perceived as having a conflict of interest, and hold
all teams to the same standards.
• Not wear items indicating a team affiliation or alignment.
• Not visit their team in the pits/stands/around the event while wearing Referee attire.
• Not pay their team particular attention.
• Not join their team in receiving an award during an awards ceremony.
More information about Conflicts of interest can be foundat: Conflict of Interest
Emergencies
The Program Delivery Partner, Event Director and the event site host organization are responsible for
having safety and security plans in place for each event. Included in the plan should be topics such as:
• A map of all the emergency exits
• Knowledge of where on-site medical support is located
• Shelter in place plans in the case of severe weather
• Evacuation plans
Teams should have their own safety plans before attending the event. Here are some team-focused
recommendations forPreparing to Safely Attend a FIRST^® Event.
Lost Children
FIRST^® Tech Challenge events can be very hectic, and it can be easy for a child to get lost amongst the
shuffle of a busy event. Ensure you have a plan prior to the event in the instance of a lost child.
In some cases, the team roster will list Coach phone numbers which can be used to reunite team
members, in some regions they collect “Day-of” cell phone numbers from each team at check in.
Coordinate your plan with your Program Delivery Partner.
Code Adam Guidelines (www.missingkids.com/CodeAdam) are also a great resource.
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Medical Incident Reporting
Event volunteers are not responsible for diagnosing student injuries, handing out medication, or first aid
equipment. You and other event volunteers should refer medical issues and emergencies to a medical
professional on site, such as an EMT. If an incident or illness occurs at
an event, the Event Director, Pit Administrator, or another trained
delegate should do the following:
• Call 911 if there is any question whether the injured
person/persons require urgent medical attention.
• Respond to the scene immediately. Bring a clipboard, pen, or an
electronic device to complete the incident report on theFIRST^®

Reporting Portal.
www.firstinspires.org/report
• Complete the incident report for the injured party.

The Event Director or Pit Administration volunteers are responsible for completing incident reports. The
incident reporting person should follow the best practices for incident reporting:
Best Practices for Incident Reporting
Anyone handling incident reporting should have a calm demeanor. They
Be Calm
should be able to collect information and talk to witnesses without
assessing fault.
In all conversations with the injured, witnesses, spectators, and/or media
Be Concisealways say "the incident is being investigated" without any further comment.
It is not the job of the report collector to provide any opinions on the
situation at hand.
Be Risk
Do not imply liability or any payment, as no one knows for sure until all the
Conscious
facts are collected.
Those taking in incident reports should be able to communicate with the
insurance company if necessary. They should also be aware of who they
Be Preparedneed to share incidents with, including the local Program Delivery
Organization or the Event Director.

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Although most incidents will not result in a claim, it is better to
act on the side of caution and report them. Should an incident
result in a claim after the event, the documents will be on file,
complete with witnesses and a written report.
Youth Protection Reporting
Issues that are non-medical but are of concern to a
participant/participants should also be reported. Anything that

happens during an event that made a youth volunteer, team
www.firstinspires.org/report
member or spectator feel uncomfortable or threatened should
be addressed.
As appropriate and if you feel safe doing to, speak directly with the offending party and try to quickly
and calmly defuse the immediate issue. Call the Event Director and/or the Program Delivery Partner and
inform them of the issue and seek assistance as needed with any immediate remediation of the issue.
Ensure all issues are reported in a timely manner using theFIRST^® Reporting Portal.Youth Protection
Concerns encompasses a wide variety of one-time or ongoing issues such as suspected abuse,
bullying, harassment, discrimination, questionable behavior, or violation to the FIRST^® Code of Conduct.
Reporting Other Issues or Concerns
Feedback about issues such as gameplay, rule changes,
awards, and event management (other than
medical/safety issues) are considered program related
concerns and not youth protection issues and should be
shared with FIRST via customerservice@firstinspires.org
or bycontacting support.
help.firstinspires.org/s/contactsupport
Please note that match results and award results are final
and that we will not review match videos.

Safety
An important priority for all volunteers is to observe their event areas to help promote a safe and
orderly space for all the participants. It’s likely that various volunteers and event participants will bring
concerns to your attention, but you should also be proactive in identifying areas of concern.
Prioritize working with the teams to help identify and correct potential safety issues in the area. Please
review the section aboutTeam Interaction and Supportfor the best ways to work with teams on
making changes.
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Safety Glasses and Closed-Toe Shoes
All volunteers, teams, coach/mentors, and spectators are required to have safety glasses and wear
closed-toe and closed-heel shoes while in the pit and competition areas. It is important to watch out for
anyone entering these areas without proper Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) and to ask them to
put on proper PPE before entering. Some events will have volunteers staffed at the pit entrance with
spare safety glasses to pass out. Other events may not have spares to provide.
Pit Spaces
Specific rules governing what teams can have and do in their pit space are covered in the Competition
Manual, but the Event Directors may add additional restrictions which must be published before the
event based on limitations set by the venue.
Common areas where teams need help to stay safe and within the rules:
• No open flames or sparks.
• Power tools are generally permitted as long as they are not causing damage to the venue.
• Aisles, walkways, and doors should be clear of obstructions.
• Teams may set up practice spaces as long as they are fully within their designated space.
• No structure may be taller than 10 feet.
End of the Day
At the end of the day, Referees must return their scoring devices (smartphone or tablets) to the
Scorekeeper/scoring tables. Be sure to check with the Head Referee or Event Director whether or not
black and white Referee shirts (if provided) are to be returned at the end of the day. Referees may
assist other volunteers with the teardown of the event.
Outside Events
After the event is over, your role has ended. Please do not provide additional feedback or commentary
on any matches from the event after the event. Consider any Referee discussion or calls from the event
as privileged information that should be kept private.
If asked game or gameplay questions, you should direct teams/students/mentors/coaches to the
official resources, the FIRST^® Tech Challenge Team Q&A.

Online Interactions
Referees need to be aware of their interactions with teams/coaches/mentors while active on social
media or online communication platforms. Care should be taken to remember that outside of an event,
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your role as a Referee has ended. You should refer all questions to sources for official answers likethe
team Q&A forum.
Because of your volunteer role, teams may identify you as a source of information and support and
seek you out to ask questions. You should avoid offering opinions on gameplay strategies,
interpretations of rules, or critiques of videos of matches. Conversations that take place at events with
teams, students, or other key volunteers should not be shared or discussed.
Important Tools
Public Schedule
The Program Delivery Partner or the Event Director should publish the public schedule of events before
the event. This schedule will have a high-level overview of all the activities for the event. It is important
that everyone at the event does their best to stay true to the public schedule so that teams and
volunteers who have planned their day around these times have a good experience.
Time
Agenda
7:15 am Doors Open for Staff & Key Volunteers
7:30 am Judges and Inspectors Report
8:00 am Doors Open for Teams
8:30 am Judging & Inspection Commences
10:15 am Team Check-in Hard Deadline (Check the Competition Manual)
Match schedule is generated and distributed to teams. (Check the Competition Manual)
10:30 am Note to Scorekeeper: 6 Matches total(Check the Competition Manual)
10:40 am Drivers’ Meeting with Head Referee & Opening Ceremony
11:00 am Qualification Matches 1 - 8
Note to Scorekeeper: 7-minute cycle-time
12:00 pm Lunch
12:45 pm Qualification Matches 9 - 45
Note to Scorekeeper: 5-minute cycle-times
3:50 pm Qualification Matches Projected End
4:00 pmAlliance Selection
4:20 pm Double Elimination Rounds 1 - 4
5:10 pm Award Ceremonies Start & Double Eliminations Round 5
6:20 pm Projected End of Event
7:00 pm Doors Close
Occasionally things that happen out of the event’s control may impact the schedule. In these cases,
work closely with the Event Director to understand the updated agenda.
Figure 1: Example Schedule for a 30 Team Event

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Registered Teams List
The Program Delivery Partner may provide a list of teams registered for the event or the scorekeeper
can export a report of all the registered teams for the event. Sometimes this list may change the day of
the event based on which teams show up. The Scorekeeper report will have the most accurate
information about who is competing at an event. Notes that teams may be competing only in the
judging portion of the event and not have a robot present.
Figure 2: Competing Team Report

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Event Layout/Map
The Program Delivery Partner and Event Director should publish a map of the venue before the event. In
some cases, details on the map might not be available until the day of the event.
The Event Layout / Map should detail the following:
• Load-In Path
• Parking for Personal Vehicles and Busses
• Team Check-in
• Volunteer Check-in
• Competition Area
• Pit Area (May include thePit Map)
• Judging Room Locations (if applicable)
• Safety Details as available (Emergency Exits, AED, Shelter in Place Locations)

Figure 3: Example Event Map

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Match Schedule
The match list will be generated on the day of the event after the teams have been confirmed. This
schedule will list which teams will play in which alliance (Red or Blue) and it will also list a match start
time see Figure 4. Some events will have more than one competition field. Some events will have more
than one division, in which case each division will have its own schedule.

Figure 4: Example Match Schedule

Pit Map
Pit maps are typically provided by either the Event Director or by the Scorekeeper. Having a map of
where each team is in the pit is key, as teams, parents or Queuers might need to find. Below are two
sample pit mapsin Figure 5andFigure 6. Pit Maps created in FTC Scoring will appear on theFTC-
Eventspage.

Figure 5: Example Pit Map for a small12-team Qualifier Event
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Figure 6: Example Pit Map for a Typical Regional Championship Event

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Useful Links and Information
On-Call Support Numbers
On-Call Support
These numbers are for volunteer support only. Teams should not use these numbers to call
about rulings or technical assistance.
Administrative, Judge, Referee and Non-Technical Issues:
(603)206-2412
Scoring System (FTC Live) or other Technical Issues:

(603)206-2450
Call or use the built-in chat feature on FTC Live available for events with internet access
Pre-Event Support
Mon – Fri
8:30am – 5:00pm Eastern Time (UTC-4 or UTC-5)
Contact Supportincluding live chat or emailcustomerservice@firstinspires.org

Program Resources
FIRST^® Tech Challenge Website
Event Search

Game and Season Resources
FIRST^® Tech Challenge Blog

Volunteer Resources
Team Email Blasts

Feedback
We strive to create support materials that are the best they can be. If you have feedback about this
manual, please emailcustomerservice@firstinspires.orgor bycontacting support. Thank you
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Document Outline

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